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Trading in a new product, the Euro Currency Trust
(symbol: FXE) (the “Shares”), will begin on the NYSE on Monday,
December 12, 2005.
The purpose of
this memorandum is to outline various rules and policies that will
be applicable to trading in this new product, including certain
exemptive, interpretive and no-action positions taken by the
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), as well as to highlight
the characteristics and risk of the Shares. For a more complete
description of the Euro Currency Trust (the “Trust”), the Shares and
the euro market, visit the Trust’s website, http://www.currencyshares.com/,
or consult the Trust’s prospectus.
Rydex Specialized Products LLC is the sponsor of the
Trust (“Sponsor”), The Bank of New York is the trustee of the Trust
(“Trustee”), JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., London Branch, is the
depository for the Trust (“Depository”), and Rydex Distributors,
Inc. is the distributor for the Trust (“Distributor”). The Sponsor,
Trustee, Depository and Distributor are not affiliated with the
Exchange or one another, with the exception that the Sponsor and
Distributor are affiliated.
According to the Trust’s Registration
Statement, the investment objective of the Trust is for the Shares
to reflect the price of the euro.
Description of the Trust
According to the Registration Statement, the Trust will
be formed under the laws of the State of New York as of the date the
Sponsor and the Trustee sign the Depositary Trust Agreement and the
Initial Purchaser makes the initial deposit for the issuance of
three Baskets. A Basket is a block of 50,000 Shares. Each Share
represents 100 euro and the value of the Shares outstanding at the
start of trading will be approximately 15 million euro. The Trust
holds euro and is expected from time to time to issue Baskets in
exchange for deposits of euro and to distribute euro in connection
with redemptions of Baskets. The Shares represent units of
fractional undivided beneficial interest in, and ownership of, the
Trust. The Trust is not managed like a business corporation or an
active investment vehicle. The euro held by the Trust will only be
sold (1) if needed to pay Trust expenses, (2) in the event the Trust
terminates and liquidates its assets or (3) as otherwise required by
law or regulation. The sale of euro by the Trust is a taxable event
to Shareholders.
According to the Registration
Statement, the Trust is not registered as an investment company
under the Investment Company Act and is not required to register
under such Act. The Trust creates and
redeems Shares from time to time, but only in whole Baskets. The
number of Shares outstanding is expected to increase and decrease
from time to time as a result of the creation and redemption of
Baskets. Authorized Participants pay for Baskets with euro.
Shareholders pay for Shares with U.S. dollars.
The creation and redemption of Baskets requires the
delivery to the Trust or the distribution by the Trust of the amount
of euro represented by the Baskets being created or redeemed. This
amount is based on the combined NAV per Share of the number of
Shares included in the Baskets being created or redeemed. Baskets
may be created or redeemed only by Authorized Participants, which
pay a transaction fee of $500 for each order to create or redeem
Baskets (which order may include multiple baskets). The transaction
fee may be reduced or, with the consent of the Sponsor, increased.
The Trustee shall notify DTC of any agreement to change the
transaction fee and will not implement any increase in the fee for
the redemption of Baskets until thirty days after the date of the
notice. Authorized Participants may sell to other investors all or
part of the Shares included in the Baskets that they purchase from
the Trust.
The Trustee determines
the NAV of the Trust. In doing so, the Trustee values the euro held
by the Trust on the basis of the Noon Buying Rate, which is the
USD/euro exchange rate as determined by the Federal Reserve Bank of
New York as of 12:00 p.m. (New York time) on each day that the NYSE
is open for regular trading. If, on a particular Evaluation Day, the
Noon Buying Rate has not been determined and announced by 2:00 p.m.
(New York time), then the most recent Federal Reserve Bank of New
York determination of the Noon Buying Rate shall be used to
determine the NAV of the Trust unless the Trustee, in consultation
with the Sponsor, determines that such price is inappropriate to use
as the basis for such valuation. In the event that the Trustee and
the Sponsor determine that the most recent Federal Reserve Bank of
New York determination of the Noon Buying Rate is not an appropriate
basis for valuation of the Trust's euro, they shall determine an
alternative basis for such evaluation to be employed by the Trustee.
The Trustee also determines the NAV per Share, which equals the NAV
of the Trust divided by the number of outstanding Shares.
The Trustee will calculate, and
the Sponsor will publish, the Trust’s NAV each business day. To
calculate the NAV, the Trustee will subtract the Sponsor’s accrued
fee for the current day from the euro held by the Trust (including
all unpaid interest accrued through the immediately preceding day)
and calculate the value of the euro in dollars based upon the Noon
Buying Rate.
The Trust's assets
will consist only of euro on demand deposit in a euro-denominated,
interest-bearing account at JPMorgan Chase, London Branch. The Trust
will not hold any derivative products. Each Share represents a
proportional interest, based on the total number of Shares
outstanding, in the euro owned by the Trust, less the estimated
accrued but unpaid expenses (both asset-based and non-asset based)
of the Trust. The Sponsor expects that the price of a Share will
fluctuate in response to fluctuations in the price of the euro and
that the price of a Share will reflect accumulated interest as well
as the estimated accrued but unpaid expenses of the
Trust.
Investors may obtain, 24
hours a day, foreign exchange pricing information based on the spot
price of euro from various financial information service providers.
Current spot prices are also generally available with bid/ask
spreads from foreign exchange dealers. In addition, the Trust's
website, http://www.currencyshares.com/,
will provide ongoing pricing information for euro spot prices and
the Shares. Market prices for the Shares are available from a
variety of sources, including brokerage firms, financial information
websites and other information service providers. One such website
is hosted by Bloomberg, http://www.bloomberg.com/
markets/ currencies/ eurafr_currencies.html, and it regularly
reports current foreign exchange pricing information. The NAV of the
Trust is published by the Sponsor on each day that the NYSE is open
for regular trading and will be posted on the Trust's
website.
The Trust will terminate
upon the occurrence of any of the termination events listed in the
Depositary Trust Agreement and will otherwise terminate on a
specified date in 2045.
Risk
Factors to Investing in the Shares
An investment in the Shares carries certain risks. The
following risk factors are taken from and discussed in more detail
in the Registration Statement.
·
The value of the Shares relates directly
to the value of the euro held by the Trust. Fluctuations in the
price of the euro could materially and adversely affect the value of
the Shares. · The USD/euro exchange rate, like foreign exchange rates
in general, can be volatile and difficult to predict. This
volatility could materially and adversely affect the performance of
the Shares. · The Deposit Account is not entitled to payment at any
office of JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. located in the United
States. · Shareholders will not have the protections associated
with ownership of a demand deposit account insured in the United
States by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation nor the
protection provided under English law. ·
Euro held in the Deposit Account will not
be segregated from the Depository’s assets. If the Depository
becomes insolvent, then its assets might not be adequate to satisfy
a claim by the Trust or any Authorized Participant. In addition, in
the event of the insolvency of the Depository or the U.S. Bank of
which it is a branch, there may be a delay and costs incurred in
identifying the euro held in the Deposit Account. · The Shares are a new
securities product. Their value could decrease if unanticipated
operational or trading problems were to arise. · Shareholders will not have
the protections associated with ownership of shares in an investment
company registered under the Investment Company Act of
1940. · Shareholders will not have the rights enjoyed by
investors in certain other financial instruments. · The Shares may trade at a
price which is at, above, or below the NAV per
Share. · The
interest rate earned by the Trust, although competitive, may not be
the best rate available. If the Sponsor determines that the interest
rate is inadequate, then its sole recourse will be to remove the
Depositary and terminate the Deposit Account. · The possible sale of euro by
the Trust to pay expenses, if required, will reduce the amount of
euro represented by each Share on an ongoing basis regardless of
whether the price of a Share rises or falls in response to changes
in the price of the euro. · The sale of the Trust’s deposited euro, if necessary,
to pay expenses at a time when the price of the euro is relatively
low could adversely affect the value of the Shares. · The Depository owes no
fiduciary duties to the Trust or the Shareholders, is not required
to act in their best interest and could resign or be removed by the
Sponsor, triggering early termination of the Trust. · The Trust may be required to
terminate and liquidate at a time disadvantageous to
Shareholders. · Redemption orders are subject to rejection by the
Trustee under certain circumstances. ·
Substantial sales of euro by the official
sector could adversely affect an investment in the
Shares. · Shareholders that are not Authorized Participants may
only purchase or sell their Shares in secondary trading
markets. · The
liability of the Sponsor and the Trustee under the Depositary Trust
Agreement is limited; and, except as set forth in the Depositary
Trust Agreement, they are not obligated to prosecute any action,
suit or other proceeding in respect to any Trust
property. · The Depositary Trust Agreement may be amended to the
detriment of Shareholders without their consent. · The License Agreement with
the Bank of New York may be terminated by the Bank of New York in
the event of a material breach by the Sponsor. Termination of the
License Agreement might lead to early termination and liquidation of
the Trust.
Availability of Information Regarding Euro
Prices
Currently, the Consolidated Tape Plan does not
provide for dissemination of the spot price of a foreign currency,
such as euro, over the Consolidated Tape. However, there will be
disseminated over the Consolidated Tape the last sale price for the
Shares, as is the case for all equity securities traded on the
Exchange (including exchange-traded funds). In addition, there is a
considerable amount of euro price and euro market information
available on public websites and through professional and
subscription services. As is the case with equity securities
generally and exchange-traded funds specifically, in most instances,
real-time information is only available for a fee, and information
available free of charge is subject to delay (typically, 15 to 20
minutes).
Investors may obtain on a 24-hour basis euro
pricing information based on the euro spot price from various
financial information service providers Complete real-time data for
euro futures and options prices traded on the CME and Phlx are also
available by subscription from information service providers. The
CME and Phlx also provide delayed futures and options information on
current and past trading sessions and market news free of charge on
their respective websites.
There are a variety of other public websites
providing information on foreign currency and euro, including
Bloomberg, http://www.bloomberg.com/markets/currencies/eurafr_currencies.html. Other service providers include CBS Market Watch (http://www.marketwatch.com/tools/stockresearch/globalmarkets)
and Yahoo! Finance (http://www.finance.yahoo.com/currency).
Many of these sites offer price quotations drawn from other
published sources, and as the information is supplied free of
charge, it generally is subject to time delays. Like bond securities
traded in the OTC market with respect to which pricing information
is available directly from bond dealers, current euro spot prices
are also generally available with bid/ask spreads from foreign
currency dealers.
In addition, the Trust's website will provide
the following information: (1) the euro spot price, including the
bid and offer and the midpoint between the bid and offer for the
euro spot price, updated every 5 to 10 seconds which is an
essentially real-time basis; (2) an intraday indicative value
(“IIV”) per share for the Shares calculated by multiplying the
indicative spot price of euro by the quantity of euro backing each
Share, on a 5 to 10 second delay basis, (3) a delayed indicative
value (subject to a 20 minute delay), which is used for calculating
premium/discount information; (4) premium/discount information,
calculated on a 20 minute delayed basis; (5) the NAV of the Trust as
calculated each business day by the Sponsor; (6) accrued interest
per Share; (7) the daily Federal Reserve Bank of New York Noon
Buying Rate; (8) the Basket Euro Amount and (9) the last sale price
(under symbol FXE) of the Shares as traded in the US market, subject
to a 20-minute delay, as it is provided free of charge. The Exchange
will provide on its own public website (http://www.nyse.com/) a link to the
Trust’s website.
Exchange Rules Applicable to the
Trading of the Shares
The Shares are considered
“securities” under Exchange Rule 3 and are subject to all applicable
trading rules.
The Exchange has
adopted new Rule 1300A (“Currency Trust Shares”) to deal with issues
related to the trading of the Shares. Specifically, pursuant to Rule
1300A, the Shares will be treated the same as Investment Company
Units (as defined in Exchange Rule 1100 and Section 703.16 of the
Listed Company Manual) for purposes of:
· Rule 13
(“Definitions of Orders”), ·
Rule 36.30 (“Communications Between
Exchange and Members’ Offices”), ·
Rule 98 (“Restrictions on Approved Person
Associated with a Specialist’s Member Organization”),
· Rule 104
(“Dealings by Specialists”), ·
Rule 105(m) (“Guidelines for Specialists’
Specialty Stock Option Transactions Pursuant to Rule 105”),
· Rule 123(e)
(“Record of Orders – System Entry Required”) and (f) and “Record of
Orders – Reports of Order Executions”), · Rules 132B and 132C (“Order
Tracking System”), · Rule 460.10 (“Specialists Participating in Contests”),
· Rule 1002
(NYSE Direct+: “Availability of Automatic Feature”), and
· Rule 1005
(NYSE Direct+: “Orders may not be Broken into Smaller Accounts”).
When these Rules discuss
Investment Company Units, references to the word “index” (or
derivative or similar words) will be deemed to be references to the
“euro spot price” and references to the word “security” (or
derivative or similar words) will be deemed to be references to the
“Currency Trust.” The Shares are not exempt from Exchange Rules 123C
(“Market-on-Close/Limit-on-Close Policy”) and 123D (“Pre-Opening
Price Indications Policy”).
The Exchange has also adopted new Rule 1301A
(“Currency Trust Shares: Securities Accounts and Orders of
Specialists”) to ensure that specialists handling the Shares provide
the Exchange with all necessary information relating to their
trading in the euro (or applicable foreign currency) and futures and
options contracts thereon.
Hours of Trading
Trading in the Shares will be until 4:15
p.m.
Exemptive, Interpretive and
No-Action Relief Under Federal Securities Regulations and NYSE
Rules
The SEC has issued
exemptive, interpretive and no-action relief from certain provisions
of and rules under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
(the “Exchange Act”), regarding trading in the Shares, which is
summarized below. As this is only a summary of the relief granted by
the SEC, the Exchange also advises interested members to consult the
Letter, dated December 5, 2005 from James A. Brigagliano, Esq.,
Assistant Director, Division of Market Regulation, to George T.
Simon, Foley and Lardner, for more complete information regarding
the trading practices relief granted by the SEC. In addition, the
Exchange has taken an interpretive position with respect to its
short sale rule.
Short Sale Rules. Transactions in the Shares will not be subject to
“tick” requirements of the short sale rule of the Commission (Rule
10a-1) or the Exchange (Rule 440B). Short orders must be marked
SHORT or SHORT EXEMPT.
Rule
200(g) of Regulation SHO- The SEC
Division of Market Regulation has stated that the Division will not
recommend enforcement action under Rule 200(g) of Regulation SHO if
a broker-dealer marks "short" rather than "short exempt" a short
sale effected in the Funds pursuant to the exemptions from the price
test of Rule 10a-1 that have been granted, subject to specified
conditions, including that a broker-dealer executing exempt short
sales will mark such sales as "short" and in no event will such
sales be marked "long". (See letter from James A.
Brigagliano, Assistant Director, Division of Market Regulation, SEC,
to Ira Hammerman, Senior Vice President and General Counsel,
Securities Industry Association, dated January 3, 2005.)
Regulation M
Exemptions. Generally, Rules 101 and
102 of Regulation M is an anti-manipulation regulation that, subject
to certain exemptions, prohibits a “distribution participant” and
the issuer or selling security holder, in connection with a
distribution of securities, from bidding for, purchasing, or
attempting to induce any person to bid for or purchase, any security
which is the subject of a distribution until after the applicable
restricted period, except as specifically permitted in Regulation M.
The provisions of the Rules apply to underwriters, prospective
underwriters, brokers, dealers, and other persons who have agreed to
participate or are participating in a distribution of securities,
and affiliated purchasers of such persons. The SEC has granted an exemption from paragraph (d) of
Rule 101 under Regulation M to permit persons who may be deemed to
be participating in a distribution of Shares to bid for or purchase
Shares during their participation in such distribution. The SEC also
has granted an exemption from Rule 101 to permit the Distributor to
publish research during the applicable restricted period on the
Trust’s website.
Rule 102 of Regulation M prohibits issuers,
selling security holders, or any affiliated purchaser of such person
from bidding for, purchasing, or attempting to induce any person to
bid for or purchase a covered security during the applicable
restricted period in connection with a distribution of securities
effected by or on behalf of an issuer or selling security holder.
Rule 100 of Regulation M defines “distribution” to mean any offering
of securities that is distinguished from ordinary trading
transactions by the magnitude of the offering and the presence of
special selling efforts and selling methods. The SEC has granted an
exemption from paragraph (e) of Rule 102 to permit the Trust and its
affiliated purchasers to redeem Shares during the continuous
offering of the Shares.
Section 11(d)(1) of the Exchange Act;
Exchange Act Rule 11d1-2. Section
11(d)(1) of the Exchange Act generally prohibits a person who is
both a broker and a dealer from effecting any transaction in which
the broker-dealer extends credit to a customer on any security which
was part of a new issue in the distribution of which he or she
participated as a member of a selling syndicate or group within
thirty days prior to such transaction. The SEC has taken a no-action
position under Section 11(d)(1) of the Exchange Act if
broker-dealers (other than the Distributor) that do not create or
redeem Shares but engage in both proprietary and customer
transactions in Shares exclusively in the secondary market extend or
maintain or arrange for the extension or maintenance of credit on
Shares in connection with such secondary market transactions.
The SEC has also taken a no-action
position under Section 11(d)(1) of the Exchange Act that
broker-dealers (other than the Distributor) may treat Shares of the
Trust, for purposes of Rule 11d1-2, as “securities issued by a
registered . . . open-end investment company as defined in the
Investment Company Act” and thereby, extend credit or maintain or
arrange for the extension or maintenance of credit on the Shares
that have been owned by the persons to whom credit is provided for
more than 30 days, in reliance on the exemption contained in the
rule.
The SEC has also taken a
no-action position under Section 11(d) of the Exchange Act if an
Authorized Participant (“AP”) extends or maintains or arranges for
the extension or maintenance of credit on Shares in reliance on the
class exemption granted in the Letter re: Derivative Products
Committee of the Securities Industry Association (“SIA”) (November
21, 2005), provided (1) that the AP does not receive from the Trust,
directly or indirectly, any payment, compensation or other economic
incentive to promote or sell the Shares to persons outside the
Trust, other than non-cash compensation permitted under NASD Rule
2830(I)(5)(A), (B), or (C); and (2) the AP does not extend, maintain
or arrange for the extension or maintenance of credit to or for a
customer on Shares before thirty days from the start of trading in
the Shares (except as otherwise permitted pursuant to Rule 11d1-1).
(See letter from Catherine McGuire, Chief Counsel, SEC Division of
Market Regulation, to SIA Derivative Products Committee, dated
November 21, 2005, available on http://www.sec.gov/.)
Due Diligence
Before a member, member organization, allied member or
employee thereof recommends a transaction in the Shares, such person
must exercise due diligence to learn the essential facts relative to
the customer pursuant to Exchange Rule 405, and must determine that
the recommendation complies with all other applicable Exchange and
Federal rules and regulations. A person making such recommendation
should have a reasonable basis for believing, at the time of making
the recommendation, that the customer has sufficient knowledge and
experience in financial matters that he or she may reasonably be
expected to be capable of evaluating the risks and any special
characteristics of the recommended transaction, and is financially
able to bear the risks of the recommended
transaction.
Trading
Halts
In order to halt the trading of the Shares, the
Exchange may consider, among other things, factors such as the
extent to which trading is not occurring in euro or whether other
unusual conditions or circumstances detrimental to the maintenance
of a fair and orderly market are present. In addition, trading in
Shares is subject to trading halts caused by extraordinary market
volatility pursuant to Exchange Rule 80B (“Circuit
Breaker”).
Prospectus
Delivery
Members are advised to
consult the section entitled “Plan of Distribution” in the Trust’s
prospectus with respect to the prospectus-delivery requirements
relating to the Shares.
Surveillance
The Exchange’s surveillance procedures
applicable to equity securities will be used for the Shares.
Questions concerning the matters discussed in
this Memorandum may be addressed as follows:
General Questions
James P. McGowan (212) 656-2490 (Competitive Position
Group) Michael Cavalier (212) 656-2474
(Office of the General Counsel)
Questions
on:
Suitability Steve Kasprzak
(Member Firm Regulation)
Specialist Issues Donald Siemer (Market Surveillance,
Rule Development)
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Robert
A. Marchman
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Executive
Vice President
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Market
Surveillance
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